如何简单地使用无法识别的字符

按照要求进行简单的X3翻译。

• 代码行数较少（10行）
• 编译时间从7.4秒下降到3.6秒（clang）
• 编译时间从11.4s降至6.0s（gcc5）
• 运行时间从0.80s下降到0.55s（clang和gcc）

输出完全相同。

在Coliru上直播

//#define BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG
#ifndef PGNGAMESEXTRACTOR_HPP
#define PGNGAMESEXTRACTOR_HPP
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <fstream>
#include <stdexcept>
namespace loloof64 {
struct pgn_tag {
    std::string key;
    std::string value;
};
struct game_move {
    unsigned move_number;
    std::string white_move;
    std::string black_move;
    enum result_t { white_won, black_won, draw, undecided } result;
};
struct pgn_game {
    std::vector<pgn_tag> header;
    std::vector<game_move> moves;
};
class PgnGamesExtractor {
  public:
    PgnGamesExtractor(std::string inputFilePath);
    PgnGamesExtractor(std::istream &inputFile);
    /*
    Both constructos may throw PgnParsingException (if bad pgn format) and InputFileException (if missing file)
    */
    std::vector<pgn_game> getGames() const { return games; }
    virtual ~PgnGamesExtractor();
  protected:
  private:
    std::vector<pgn_game> games;
    void parseInput(std::istream &inputFile);
};
class PgnParsingException : public virtual std::runtime_error {
  public:
    PgnParsingException(std::string message) : std::runtime_error(message) {}
};
class InputFileException : public virtual std::runtime_error {
  public:
    InputFileException(std::string message) : std::runtime_error(message) {}
};
}
#endif // PGNGAMESEXTRACTOR_HPP
#include <boost/spirit/home/x3.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/support_istream_iterator.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/include/adapt_struct.hpp>
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(loloof64::pgn_tag, key, value)
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(loloof64::game_move, move_number, white_move, black_move, result)
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(loloof64::pgn_game, header, moves)
namespace loloof64 {
    namespace pgn_parser {
        using namespace boost::spirit::x3;
        static std::string const no_move;
        static auto const result = []{
            symbols<game_move::result_t> table;
            table.add
                ("1-0",     game_move::white_won)
                ("0-1",     game_move::black_won)
                ("1/2-1/2", game_move::draw)
                ("*",       game_move::undecided);
            return table;
        }();
        static auto const quoted_string    = lexeme['"' >> *~char_('"') >> '"'];
        static auto const tag              = '[' >> +alnum >> quoted_string >> ']';
        static auto const header           = +tag;
        static auto const regular_move     = as_parser("O-O-O") | "O-O" | (+char_("a-hNBRQK") >> +char_("a-h1-8x=NBRQK") >> -lit("e.p."));
        static auto const single_move      = rule<struct single_move_, std::string> { "single_move" }
                                           = raw [ lexeme [ regular_move >> -char_("+#")] ];
        static auto const full_move        = rule<struct full_move_, game_move> { "full_move" }
                                     = uint_ 
            >> (lexeme["..." >> attr(no_move)] | "." >> single_move) 
            >> (single_move | attr(no_move))
            >> -result;
        static auto const game_description = +full_move;
        static auto const single_game      = rule<struct single_game_, pgn_game> { "single_game" }
                                           = -header >> game_description;
        static auto const games            = *single_game;
    }
}
loloof64::PgnGamesExtractor::PgnGamesExtractor(std::string inputFilePath) {
    std::ifstream inputFile(inputFilePath);
    parseInput(inputFile);
}
loloof64::PgnGamesExtractor::PgnGamesExtractor(std::istream &inputFile) { parseInput(inputFile); }
loloof64::PgnGamesExtractor::~PgnGamesExtractor() {
    // dtor
}
void loloof64::PgnGamesExtractor::parseInput(std::istream &inputFile) {
    if (inputFile.fail() || inputFile.bad())
        throw new InputFileException("Could not read the input file !");
    typedef boost::spirit::istream_iterator It;
    std::vector<loloof64::pgn_game> temp_games;
    It iter(inputFile >> std::noskipws), end;
    bool success = boost::spirit::x3::phrase_parse(iter, end, pgn_parser::games, boost::spirit::x3::space, temp_games);
    if (success && iter == end) {
        games.swap(temp_games);
    } else {
        std::string error_fragment(iter, end);
        throw PgnParsingException("Failed to parse the input at :'" + error_fragment + "' !");
    }
}
#include <iostream>
int main() {
    loloof64::PgnGamesExtractor pge("ScotchGambit.pgn");
    std::cout << "Parsed " << pge.getGames().size() << " gamesn";
    for (auto& g : pge.getGames())
        for (auto& m : g.moves)
            std::cout << m.move_number << ".t" << m.white_move << "t" << m.black_move << "n";
}

值得一提的是，这里大大简化了：

在Coliru上直播

//#define BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG
#ifndef PGNGAMESEXTRACTOR_HPP
#define PGNGAMESEXTRACTOR_HPP
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <fstream>
#include <stdexcept>
namespace loloof64 {
struct pgn_tag {
    std::string key;
    std::string value;
};
struct game_move {
    unsigned move_number;
    std::string white_move;
    std::string black_move;
    enum result_t { white_won, black_won, draw, undecided } result;
};
struct pgn_game {
    std::vector<pgn_tag> header;
    std::vector<game_move> moves;
};
class PgnGamesExtractor {
  public:
    PgnGamesExtractor(std::string inputFilePath);
    PgnGamesExtractor(std::istream &inputFile);
    /*
    Both constructos may throw PgnParsingException (if bad pgn format) and InputFileException (if missing file)
    */
    std::vector<pgn_game> getGames() const { return games; }
    virtual ~PgnGamesExtractor();
  protected:
  private:
    std::vector<pgn_game> games;
    void parseInput(std::istream &inputFile);
};
class PgnParsingException : public virtual std::runtime_error {
  public:
    PgnParsingException(std::string message) : std::runtime_error(message) {}
};
class InputFileException : public virtual std::runtime_error {
  public:
    InputFileException(std::string message) : std::runtime_error(message) {}
};
}
#endif // PGNGAMESEXTRACTOR_HPP
#include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/include/adapt_struct.hpp>
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(loloof64::pgn_tag, key, value)
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(loloof64::game_move, move_number, white_move, black_move, result)
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(loloof64::pgn_game, header, moves)
namespace loloof64 {
namespace qi = boost::spirit::qi;
template <typename Iterator> struct pgn_parser : qi::grammar<Iterator, std::vector<pgn_game>, qi::space_type> {
    pgn_parser() : pgn_parser::base_type(games) {
        using namespace qi;
        const std::string no_move;
        result.add
            ("1-0",     game_move::white_won)
            ("0-1",     game_move::black_won)
            ("1/2-1/2", game_move::draw)
            ("*",       game_move::undecided);
        quoted_string    = '"' >> *~char_('"') >> '"';
        tag              = '[' >> +alnum >> quoted_string >> ']';
        header           = +tag;
        regular_move     = lit("O-O-O") | "O-O" | (+char_("a-hNBRQK") >> +char_("a-h1-8x=NBRQK") >> -lit("e.p."));
        single_move      = raw [ regular_move >> -char_("+#") ];
        full_move        = uint_ 
            >> (lexeme["..." >> attr(no_move)] | "." >> single_move) 
            >> (single_move | attr(no_move))
            >> -result;
        game_description = +full_move;
        single_game      = -header >> game_description;
        games            = *single_game;
        BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_NODES(
                    (tag)(header)(quoted_string)(regular_move)(single_move)
                    (full_move)(game_description)(single_game)(games)
                )
    }
  private:
    qi::rule<Iterator, pgn_tag(),              qi::space_type> tag;
    qi::rule<Iterator, std::vector<pgn_tag>,   qi::space_type> header;
    qi::rule<Iterator, game_move(),            qi::space_type> full_move;
    qi::rule<Iterator, std::vector<game_move>, qi::space_type> game_description;
    qi::rule<Iterator, pgn_game,               qi::space_type> single_game;
    qi::rule<Iterator, std::vector<pgn_game>,  qi::space_type> games;
    // lexemes
    qi::symbols<char, game_move::result_t> result;
    qi::rule<Iterator, std::string()> quoted_string;
    qi::rule<Iterator> regular_move;
    qi::rule<Iterator, std::string()> single_move;
};
}
loloof64::PgnGamesExtractor::PgnGamesExtractor(std::string inputFilePath) {
    std::ifstream inputFile(inputFilePath);
    parseInput(inputFile);
}
loloof64::PgnGamesExtractor::PgnGamesExtractor(std::istream &inputFile) { parseInput(inputFile); }
loloof64::PgnGamesExtractor::~PgnGamesExtractor() {
    // dtor
}
void loloof64::PgnGamesExtractor::parseInput(std::istream &inputFile) {
    if (inputFile.fail() || inputFile.bad())
        throw new InputFileException("Could not read the input file !");
    typedef boost::spirit::istream_iterator It;
    loloof64::pgn_parser<It> parser;
    std::vector<loloof64::pgn_game> temp_games;
    It iter(inputFile >> std::noskipws), end;
    bool success = boost::spirit::qi::phrase_parse(iter, end, parser, boost::spirit::qi::space, temp_games);
    if (success && iter == end) {
        games.swap(temp_games);
    } else {
        std::string error_fragment(iter, end);
        throw PgnParsingException("Failed to parse the input at :'" + error_fragment + "' !");
    }
}
int main() {
    loloof64::PgnGamesExtractor pge(std::cin); // "ScotchGambit.pgn"
    std::cout << "Parsed " << pge.getGames().size() << " gamesn";
    for (auto& g : pge.getGames())
        for (auto& m : g.moves)
            std::cout << m.move_number << ".t" << m.white_move << "t" << m.black_move << "n";
}

注：

• 不读取内存中的完整文件（boost::spirit::istream_iterator）
• 不要手动跳过（使用skippers）
• 不要明确lexeme（Boost spirit队长问题）
• 如果不需要，请不要使用%=
• 不要合成不需要的属性（使用raw[]）
• 将move的可选部分视为可选部分，不要存储像"…"这样的非对称魔术标志（查找no_move）
• 不要过于具体（使用istream&而不是ifstream&）

可能还有其他的事情我忘了。输出例如

Parsed 6166 games
1.  e4  e5
2.  Nf3 Nc6
3.  d4  exd4
4.  Bc4 Qf6
5.  O-O d6
6.  Ng5 Nh6
7.  f4  Be7
8.  e5  Qg6
9.  exd6    cxd6
10. c3  dxc3
11. Nxc3    O-O
12. Nd5 Bd7
13. Rf3 Bg4
14. Bd3 Bxf3
15. Qxf3    f5
16. Bc4 Kh8
17. Nxe7    Nxe7
18. Qxb7    Qf6
19. Be3 Rfb8
20. Qd7 Rd8
21. Qb7 d5
22. Bb3 Nc6
23. Bxd5    Nd4
24. Rd1 Ne2+
25. Kf1 Rab8
26. Qxa7    Rxb2
27. Ne6 Qxe6
28. Bxe6    Rxd1+
29. Kf2 
1.  e4  e5
2.  Nf3 Nc6
3.  d4  exd4
4.  Bc4 Bc5
5.  Ng5 Ne5
6.  Bxf7+   Nxf7
7.  Nxf7    Bb4+
8.  c3  dxc3
9.  bxc3    Bxc3+
10. Nxc3    Kxf7
11. Qd5+    Kf8
12. Ba3+    d6
13. e5  Qg5
14. exd6    Qxd5

实际上问题出在Veronica身上。或者，实际上是和Ver在一起？尼卡。哪里是代码单元<93>，缺少代码页/编码信息可能意味着什么。

您使用的是ascii::char，这只需要7位字符。

通过更改轻松修复

using ascii::char_;

进入

using qi::char_;