C++:如何在Windows的「开始」菜单中创建快捷方式

这是解决方案。它使用Qt，但也可以不使用。然后只使用std::wstring而不是QString。为了连接路径和文件名，您将不得不使用字符串操作，而不是使用QDir。

#include <shlobj.h> 
bool createStartMenuEntry(QString targetPath) {
    targetPath = QDir::toNativeSeparators(targetPath);
    WCHAR startMenuPath[MAX_PATH];
    HRESULT result = SHGetFolderPathW(NULL, CSIDL_COMMON_PROGRAMS, NULL, 0, startMenuPath);
    if (SUCCEEDED(result)) {
        QString linkPath = QDir(QString::fromWCharArray(startMenuPath)).absoluteFilePath("Shortcut Name.lnk");
        CoInitialize(NULL);
        IShellLinkW* shellLink = NULL;
        result = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_ShellLink, NULL, CLSCTX_ALL, IID_IShellLinkW, (void**)&shellLink);
        if (SUCCEEDED(result)) {
            shellLink->SetPath(targetPath.toStdWString().c_str());
            shellLink->SetDescription(L"Shortcut Description");
            shellLink->SetIconLocation(targetPath.toStdWString().c_str(), 0);
            IPersistFile* persistFile;
            result = shellLink->QueryInterface(IID_IPersistFile, (void**)&persistFile);
            if (SUCCEEDED(result)) {
                result = persistFile->Save(linkPath.toStdWString().c_str(), TRUE);
                persistFile->Release();
            } else {
                return false;
            }
            shellLink->Release();
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    } else {
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

这是获得开始菜单文件夹位置的部分：

WCHAR startMenuPath[MAX_PATH];
HRESULT result = SHGetFolderPathW(NULL, CSIDL_COMMON_PROGRAMS, NULL, 0, startMenuPath);

剩下的就是创建快捷方式。将快捷方式名称和说明交换为所需的值。

与公认答案的想法相同，但使用Visual Studio方法。

用法：

CString sProgramsPath = getenv("PROGRAMDATA");
CString sShortcutPath = sProgramsPath += "\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\SHORTCUT_NAME.lnk";
// (that's .LNK)
CreateLink("C:\target_file_path\target_file_name.exe",
            "sShortcutPath",
            "C:\target_file_path\",
            "Shortcut Description");

功能：

/*============================================================================*/
// CreateLink - Uses the Shell's IShellLink and IPersistFile interfaces 
//              to create and store a shortcut to the specified object. 
//
// Returns the result of calling the member functions of the interfaces. 
//
// Parameters:
// lpszPathObj  - Address of a buffer that contains the path of the object,
//                including the file name.
// lpszPathLink - Address of a buffer that contains the path where the 
//                Shell link is to be stored, including the file name.
// lpszPath     - Working directory of target Obj file
// lpszDesc     - Address of a buffer that contains a description of the 
//                Shell link, stored in the Comment field of the link
//                properties.
    HRESULT                     CreateLink(
    LPCSTR                      lpszPathObj,
    LPCSTR                      lpszPathLink,
    LPCSTR                      lpszPath,
    LPCSTR                      lpszDesc )
/*============================================================================*/
{ 
    IShellLink* psl = NULL;
    HRESULT hres = CoInitialize(NULL);
    if (!SUCCEEDED(hres))
        LOGASSERT(FALSE);
 
    // Get a pointer to the IShellLink interface. It is assumed that CoInitialize
    // has already been called.
    hres = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_ShellLink, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IShellLink, (LPVOID*)&psl); 
    if (SUCCEEDED(hres)) 
    { 
        IPersistFile* ppf; 
 
        // Set the path to the shortcut target and add the description. 
        psl->SetPath(lpszPathObj);
        psl->SetDescription(lpszDesc);
        psl->SetWorkingDirectory(lpszPath);
 
        // Query IShellLink for the IPersistFile interface, used for saving the 
        // shortcut in persistent storage. 
        hres = psl->QueryInterface(IID_IPersistFile, (LPVOID*)&ppf); 
 
        if (SUCCEEDED(hres))
        { 
            WCHAR wsz[MAX_PATH]; 
 
            // Ensure that the string is Unicode. 
            MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, lpszPathLink, -1, wsz, MAX_PATH); 
            
            // Add code here to check return value from MultiByteWideChar 
            // for success.
 
            // Save the link by calling IPersistFile::Save. 
            hres = ppf->Save(wsz, TRUE);
            if (!SUCCEEDED(hres))
                LOGASSERT(FALSE);
            ppf->Release(); 
        } 
        psl->Release(); 
    }
    CoUninitialize();
    return hres;
}

Enigma的答案非常接近，但似乎在Windows 10上不起作用。在IPersistFile上调用Save函数时失败，错误为E_ACCESSDENIED。

我设法按照Windows文档调整了他们的答案。关键是使用SHGetKnownFolderPath而不是getenv("PROGRAMDATA"):

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include "windows.h"
#include "combaseapi.h"
#include "shlobj.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
bool windowsInstall()
{
    char programFilesPath[1024] = {0};
    {
        WCHAR* wideProgramFilesPath = NULL;
        SHGetKnownFolderPath(FOLDERID_Programs, 0, NULL, (&wideProgramFilesPath));
        wcstombs(programFilesPath, wideProgramFilesPath, sizeof(programFilesPath));
        CoTaskMemFree(wideProgramFilesPath);
    }
    char shortcutPath[2048] = {0};
    /*
    * Fill these in with your application details!
    *
    * The text before .lnk in shortcutPath will show as the shortcut text to the user */
    snprintf(shortcutPath, sizeof(shortcutPath), "%s\My Program.lnk", programFilesPath);
    const char* executableFilename = "C:\Path\To\MyProgram\My_Program.exe";
    const char* executableWorkingDirectory = "C:\Path\To\MyProgram";
    const char* shortcutDescription = "This is My Program's description.";
    HRESULT result = CoInitialize(NULL);
    if (!(SUCCEEDED(result)))
    {
        return false;
    }
    IShellLink* link = NULL;
    result= CoCreateInstance(CLSID_ShellLink, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IShellLink, ((LPVOID*)(&link)));
    if (!(SUCCEEDED(result)))
    {
        CoUninitialize();
        return false;
    }
    link->SetPath(executableFilename);
    link->SetWorkingDirectory(executableWorkingDirectory);
    link->SetDescription(shortcutDescription);
    IPersistFile* persistFile = NULL;
    result= link->QueryInterface(IID_IPersistFile, ((void**)(&persistFile)));
    if (!(SUCCEEDED(result)))
    {
        link->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return false;
    }
    WCHAR wideShortcutPath[1024];
    MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, shortcutPath, -1, wideShortcutPath, (sizeof(wideShortcutPath) / sizeof(wideShortcutPath[0])));
    result= persistFile->Save(wideShortcutPath, TRUE);
    if (!(SUCCEEDED(result)))
    {
        persistFile->Release();
        link->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return false;
    }
    persistFile->Release();
    link->Release();
    CoUninitialize();
    return true;
}