如何从STL hash_map中获取所有密钥

How to get all keys from STL hash_map?

本文关键字:获取 密钥 map STL hash      更新时间:2023-10-16

有什么方法可以从STL hash_map中获取所有密钥吗?或者我必须在插入之前使用set或hash_set之类的东西来记录它们?

hash_map<string, void *> hashMap;
vector<string> keys;
keys.reserve(hashMap.size());
for (hash_map<string, void *>::iterator iter = hashMap.begin(); 
                                        iter != hashMap.end(); 
                                        ++iter)
{
    keys.push_back(iter->first);
}

只需迭代hash_map;对于每次迭代,iter->first是关键。

基于Igor Oks的答案:

hash_map<string, void *> hashMap;
vector<string> keys;
keys.reserve(hashMap.size());
transform(hashMap.begin(), hashMap.end(), back_inserter(keys),
    select1st<hash_map<string, void*>::value_type>());

您可能想要遍历hash_map,并从当前迭代器值指向的对中提取第一个元素(该对的第一个元素实际上是一个键)。

// Assuming that hm is an instance of hash_map:
for (auto it = hm.begin(); it != hm.end(); ++it) // for each item in the hash map:
{
    // it->first is current key
    // ... you can push_back it to a vector<Key> or do whatever you want
}

这是一个从hash_map提取关键字到向量的可能函数:

template <typename Key, typename Type, typename Traits, typename Allocator>
vector<Key> extract_keys(const hash_map<Key, Type, Traits, Allocator> & hm)
{
    vector<Key> keys;
    // If C++11 'auto' is not available in your C++ compiler, use:
    // 
    //   typename hash_map<Key, Type, Traits, Allocator>::const_iterator it;
    //   for (it = hm.begin(); ...)
    //
    for (auto it = hm.begin(); it != hm.end(); ++it)
    {
        keys.push_back(it->first);
    }
    return keys;        
}