将字符'e'作为输入并进行比较

Taking char 'e' as input and comparing

本文关键字:比较 输入 字符      更新时间:2023-10-16

好的,我正在做一本书中的练习,将不同类型的货币转换成美元。出于某种原因,当我输入'e'作为字符变量的输入并将其与if语句中的'e'进行比较时,比较不起作用,但是如果我将其替换为另一个字母,它将工作得很好。这是怎么回事?下面是代码:

int main()
{
    const double yen_per_dollar = .013;
    const double pound_per_dollar = 1.55;
    const double euro_per_dollar = 1.29;
    double amount = 1;
    char unit = ' ';
    std::cout << "Please enter a amount followed by a unit (p, y, or e): ";
    std::cin >> amount >> unit;
    if (unit == 'y')
        std::cout << amount << " yen is $" << amount * yen_per_dollar << " dollars.n";
    if (unit == 'p')
        if (amount == 1)
            std::cout << amount << " pound is $" << amount * pound_per_dollar << " dollars.n";
        else
            std::cout << amount << " pounds is $" << amount * pound_per_dollar << " dollars.n";
    if (unit == 'e')
        if (amount == 1)
            std::cout << amount << " euro is $" << amount * euro_per_dollar << " dollars.n";
        else
            std::cout << amount << " euros is $" << amount * euro_per_dollar << " dollars.n";
    else 
        std::cout << "Sorry, that input isn't in the correct format." << std::endl;
    std::cin >> amount; // Keeps window open
}

有很多评论,但没有解决方案。事实上,我也想不出一个好的解决办法。我能想到的最好的办法是安装一个自定义的num_get facet(仅这一点几乎可以肯定地排除了代码适合作为家庭作业解决方案提交):这是一些高级的东西,我认为很多人都不会想到这一点。

除此之外,我认为你想要数据驱动货币,也就是说,你想要建立某种描述所有货币的容器,而不是为每种货币设置一个代码分支(顺便说一句,欧元的复数形式是欧元)。生成的程序看起来像这样:

#include <iostream>
#include <locale>
#include <string>
#include <tuple>
#include <map>
#include <ctype.h>
struct currency_get:
    std::num_get<char>
{
    iter_type do_get(iter_type it, iter_type end, std::ios_base&, std::ios_base::iostate& err, double& v) const
    {
        std::string input;
        for (; it != end && (*it == '.' || *it == '-' || *it == '+'
                             || isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(*it))); ++it)
        {
            input.push_back(*it);
        }
        errno = 0;
        if (input.empty())
        {
            err |= std::ios_base::failbit;
        }
        else
        {
            v = strtod(input.c_str(), 0);
        }
        return it;
    }
};
int main()
{
    typedef std::tuple<double, std::string, std::string> desc;
    std::map<char, desc> currencies;
    currencies['y'] = desc(0.013, "yen", "yen");
    currencies['p'] = desc(1.55, "pound", "pounds");
    currencies['e'] = desc(1.29, "euro", "euro");
    double amount(0);
    char   currency(' ');
    std::locale loc(std::locale(), new currency_get);
    std::cin.imbue(loc);
    if (std::cin >> amount >> currency)
    {
        std::map<char, desc>::const_iterator it(currencies.find(currency));
        if (it != currencies.end())
        {
            desc const& d(it->second);
            std::cout << amount << " " << (amount == 1? std::get<1>(d): std::get<2>(d)) << " is "
                      << (std::get<0>(d) * amount) << " dollar"
                      << (std::get<0>(d) * amount == 1? "": "s") << "n";
        }
    }
    else
    {
        std::cout << "input failedn";
    }
}

以下是对您的程序的建议:

1. 如果你使用的是Visual Studio,使用system("pause");之类的东西来暂停程序或更改项目设置,以便调试窗口在执行后等待你。

2. 对于下一个if语句,您应该使用else语句并用大括号包围。这里有一个例子,

else if (unit == 'p') {
    if (amount == 1)
        std::cout << amount << " pound is $" << amount * pound_per_dollar << " dollars.n";
    else
        std::cout << amount << " pounds is $" << amount * pound_per_dollar << " dollars.n";
}

如果你这样做,你的最后一个else语句将给你正确的结果。否则你总是会得到"对不起,那个输入不是正确的格式",除了"e"。实际上,这就是程序中发生的事情。

3.您应该为main函数的int返回类型添加return 0语句。

4. 而不是每次都输入std,你可以添加这个语句一次,

using namespace std;

在包含预处理器之后,并且可以省略包含std namespace之后,像这样,

cout << "Please enter a amount followed by a unit (p, y, or e): ";


5。E是用于整型/双精度等数字类型的保留字符。E表示指数。当输入货币时,在前面使用空格明确地告诉cin这个e不是数字输入的一部分。否则,必须使用字符串解析输入。