如何从.cpp文件和makefile文件中编译程序

How to compile a program from .cpp files and a makefile

本文关键字：文件 makefile 编译程序 cpp      更新时间：2023-10-16

我最近下载了一个程序。患者特异性生存预测CLI, http://pssp.srv.ualberta.ca/

自述文件包括:"1编译代码不需要任何修改就可以在Linux上编译。要编译，只需键入' make '。应该是2个可执行文件经过编译、MTLR训练和MTLR测试。"

我下载了一个解压的文件夹到我的位置，当我进入目录并键入make时，我得到:

x@x-laptop:/pssp_source$ make
g++ -c -O3 DenseVector.cpp -o DenseVector.o
In file included from DenseVector.cpp:1:0:
DenseVector.h:9:2: error: ‘size_t’ does not name a type
  size_t m_dim; 
  ^
DenseVector.h:18:21: error: expected ‘)’ before ‘n’
  DenseVector(size_t n); 
                     ^
DenseVector.h:26:33: error: ‘size_t’ does not name a type
  double const& operator[](const size_t i) const
                                 ^
DenseVector.h:26:40: error: ISO C++ forbids declaration of ‘i’ with no type [-fpermissive]
  double const& operator[](const size_t i) const
                                        ^
DenseVector.h:31:27: error: ‘size_t’ does not name a type
  double& operator[](const size_t i)
                           ^
DenseVector.h:31:34: error: ISO C++ forbids declaration of ‘i’ with no type [-fpermissive]
  double& operator[](const size_t i)
                                  ^
DenseVector.h:38:2: error: ‘size_t’ does not name a type
  size_t dim() const
  ^
DenseVector.h: In member function ‘void DenseVector::push_back(double)’:
DenseVector.h:23:3: error: ‘m_dim’ was not declared in this scope
   m_dim++; 
   ^
DenseVector.cpp: At global scope:
DenseVector.cpp:6:1: error: prototype for ‘DenseVector::DenseVector(size_t)’ does not match any in class ‘DenseVector’
 DenseVector::DenseVector(size_t n): m_dim(n)
 ^
In file included from DenseVector.cpp:1:0:
DenseVector.h:5:7: error: candidates are: DenseVector::DenseVector(const DenseVector&)
 class DenseVector
       ^
DenseVector.h:12:2: error:                 DenseVector::DenseVector()
  DenseVector(void);
  ^
DenseVector.cpp: In constructor ‘DenseVector::DenseVector()’:
DenseVector.cpp:16:2: error: class ‘DenseVector’ does not have any field named ‘m_dim’
 :m_dim(0)
  ^
DenseVector.cpp: In member function ‘void DenseVector::clear()’:
DenseVector.cpp:27:22: error: ‘m_dim’ was not declared in this scope
   for (size_t i=0; i<m_dim; i++)
                      ^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/cassert:43:0,
                 from DenseVector.cpp:3:
DenseVector.cpp: In function ‘double sprod_nn(const DenseVector&, const DenseVector&)’:
DenseVector.cpp:37:11: error: ‘const class DenseVector’ has no member named ‘dim’
  assert(a.dim() == b.dim());
           ^
DenseVector.cpp:37:22: error: ‘const class DenseVector’ has no member named ‘dim’
  assert(a.dim() == b.dim());
                      ^
DenseVector.cpp:38:15: error: ‘const class DenseVector’ has no member named ‘dim’
  size_t n = a.dim(); 
               ^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/cassert:43:0,
                 from DenseVector.cpp:3:
DenseVector.cpp: In function ‘void multadd_nn(DenseVector&, const DenseVector&, double)’:
DenseVector.cpp:49:11: error: ‘class DenseVector’ has no member named ‘dim’
  assert(w.dim()==a.dim());
           ^
DenseVector.cpp:49:20: error: ‘const class DenseVector’ has no member named ‘dim’
  assert(w.dim()==a.dim());
                    ^
DenseVector.cpp:50:15: error: ‘class DenseVector’ has no member named ‘dim’
  size_t n = w.dim();
               ^
DenseVector.cpp: In function ‘void smult_n(DenseVector&, double)’:
DenseVector.cpp:62:15: error: ‘class DenseVector’ has no member named ‘dim’
  size_t n = w.dim(); 
               ^
make: *** [DenseVector.o] Error 1

文件夹的内容如下:

x@x-laptop:/pssp_source$ ls
common.cpp  data_type_api.h  DenseVector.h  Main.cpp  Makefile    Sparm.cpp  Sparm.o           SparseVector.h  test_model.mltr  Util.h
common.h    DenseVector.cpp  example_data   Main.o    readme.pdf  Sparm.h    SparseVector.cpp  Test.cpp        test_model.mlty

我查找了编译c++代码所需的基本包，以及如何运行它的基础知识，但没有一个能让我解决这个问题。它看起来好像有size_t没有类型的问题。

DenseVector.cpp的开头是:

#include "DenseVector.h"
#include <cassert>
#include <iostream>
DenseVector::DenseVector(size_t n): m_dim(n)
{
  m_dvector.reserve(n);
  for (size_t i=0; i<n; i++)
  {
          m_dvector.push_back(0);
  }
}

我从来没有像这样编译过代码，所以我可能错过了一些明显的东西。如果需要的话，我正在运行ubuntu 14.04, g++版本是4.8.4 .

谢谢

听起来像是README在说谎。可能它恰好与标准库的不同版本一起工作。

尝试添加

#include <stddef.h>

打开程序根目录下的DenseVector.h文件并进行修改，插入

#pragma once
#include <vector>
#include <cstddef>  // <--- Add this line to the file
class DenseVector
{
   protected:
// ...

保存并重试!

我认为你没有使用正确的C版本;我认为你需要C11。而不是使用-03标志，使用-11或-std=c11。然后重新编译。

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