Emacs 语义无法在 Windows 上正确解析文件

Emacs Semantic Won't Parse File Correctly On Windows

本文关键字：文件 Windows 语义 Emacs      更新时间：2023-10-16

最近我把我的编程环境从CentOS切换到Windows。我是Emacs的粉丝，所以我也想使用Emacs在Windows上编程。一切都进行得很顺利，但是当我使用 emacs 语义来解析系统包含时，问题就来了。

似乎 emacs 语义会选择要解析的文件和不解析的文件。我指定了MS Visual Studio包含目录供emacs解析，但它不会。我也尝试了 MinGW 标头，但 emacs 只解析了几个文件。我的 init.el 文件是这样的

(defun my-semantic-hook()
(semantic-add-system-include "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\include")
)

我不知道我是否应该在 Windows 上的 emacs 中使用/或 \，但似乎两者都可以工作。如果我使用semantic-c-describe-environment输出是

This file’s project include is handled by:
EDE : #<ede-cpp-root-target ede-cpp-root-target>
with the system path:
C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0VCinclude
D:/WorkSpace/
This file’s system include path is:
/usr/include
c:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0/VC/include/

您可以看到我也尝试了 EDE 来指定系统包含路径，但它也不起作用。但是，语义的其他功能效果很好。如果我写#include "lib1.h"或#include "headers/lib1.h"或使用EDE#include <myproj/headers/lib1.h>，它们都运行良好。但是，当涉及到VS包含文件或MinGW包含文件时，事情就会出错。 我想如果语义首先检查文件，并且发现错误，那么它就会跳过文件？那我该如何解决问题呢？

现在问题有了新的进展。我尝试使用 SDL2 库在我的旧项目中使用语义。在我编写了EDE的项目配置并打开其中一个源文件后，发生了一些事情。语义解析某些系统包含像stdio.h这样的文件。然后我可以通过语义跳到它。

然后我尝试使用iostream的另一个文件。但是语义仍然没有解析它。但是我可以使用C-c , u命令跳转到文件，并手动调用语义来解析它。然后我使用 iostream 回到我的原始文件，使用语义的公司后端现在可以很好地工作。

所以现在我可以确保问题是语义不会解析文件本身。也许是因为它只解析文件名末尾带有 .h 或 .c 的文件？但是在 linux 上它适用于像 iostream 这样的文件，为什么在 Windows 上它不能？如何解决？

  1. 添加系统包括示例：

    (semantic-reset-system-include 'c-mode)
(dolist (x 'your-system-includes)
(semantic-add-system-include x 'c-mode))

  2. 添加项目根目录：

    (setq semanticdb-project-roots 'your-project-roots)

在 More Rational Emacs 中有一个实现，用于如何在 cc.elsystem-cc-include中找到正确的系统，包括 Windows、Darwin 和 Linux 上的路径

。
;;;; -*- lexical-binding:t -*-
;;;;
;; More reasonable Emacs on MacOS, Windows and Linux
;; https://github.com/junjiemars/.emacs.d
;;;;
;; cc.el
;;;;

(platform-supported-when windows-nt
(defun check-vcvarsall-bat ()
"Return the path of vcvarsall.bat if which exists."
(let* ((pfroot (windows-nt-posix-path (getenv "PROGRAMFILES")))
(vsroot (concat pfroot " (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/"))
(vswhere (concat vsroot "Installer/vswhere.exe")))
(windows-nt-posix-path
(or (let* ((cmd (shell-command* (shell-quote-argument vswhere)
"-nologo -latest -property installationPath"))
(bat (and (zerop (car cmd))
(concat (string-trim> (cdr cmd))
"/VC/Auxiliary/Build/vcvarsall.bat"))))
(when (file-exists-p bat) bat))
(let* ((ver (car (directory-files vsroot t "[0-9]+" #'string-greaterp)))
(bat (concat ver "/BuildTools/VC/Auxiliary/Build/vcvarsall.bat")))
(when (file-exists-p bat) bat)))))))

(platform-supported-when windows-nt
(defun make-cc-env-bat ()
"Make cc-env.bat in `exec-path'."
(let ((vcvarsall (check-vcvarsall-bat))
(arch (downcase (getenv "PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE"))))
(when vcvarsall
(save-str-to-file 
(concat "@echo offn"
"rem generated by More Reasonable Emacs https://github.com/junjiemars/.emacs.dnn"
"pushd %cd%n"
"cd /d "" (file-name-directory vcvarsall) ""n"
"n"
"call vcvarsall.bat " arch "n"
"set CC=cl" "n"
"set AS=ml" (if (string-match "[_a-zA-Z]*64" arch) "64" "") "n"
"n"
"popdn"
"echo "%INCLUDE%"n")
(v-home% ".exec/cc-env.bat"))))))

(defun check-cc-include ()
"Return cc include paths list."
(platform-supported-if windows-nt
;; Windows: msvc
(let ((cmd (shell-command* (make-cc-env-bat))))
(when (zerop (car cmd))
(mapcar (lambda (x) (windows-nt-posix-path x))
(var->paths
(car (nreverse 
(split-string* (cdr cmd) "n" t """)))))))
;; Darwin/Linux: clang or gcc
(let ((cmd (shell-command* "echo '' | cc -v -E 2>&1 >/dev/null -")))
(when (zerop (car cmd))
(take-while
(lambda (p)
(string-match "End of search list." p))
(drop-while
(lambda (p)
(string-match "#include <...> search starts here:" p))
(split-string* (cdr cmd) "n" t "[ tn]")))))))

(defvar system-cc-include nil
"The system include paths used by C compiler.
This should be set with `system-cc-include'")

(defun system-cc-include (&optional cached)
"Returns a list of system include directories. 
Load `system-cc-include' from file when CACHED is t, 
otherwise check cc include on the fly."
(let ((c (v-home% "config/.cc-inc.el")))
(if (and cached (file-exists-p (concat c "c")))
(progn
(load (concat c "c"))
system-cc-include)
(let ((paths (platform-supported-if darwin
(mapcar (lambda (x)
(string-trim> x " (framework directory)"))
(check-cc-include))
(check-cc-include))))
(when (save-sexp-to-file
`(setq system-cc-include ',paths) c)
(byte-compile-file c))
(setq system-cc-include paths)))))

(provide 'cc)

调用system-cc-include函数应返回系统包含路径的列表：

(defun set-semantic-cc-env! (&optional project-includes project-roots preprocessors)
"Use `semantic-mode' in`c-mode'.
PROJECT-INCLUDES specify C include directories
via `semantic-add-system-include',
check it by `semantic-dependency-system-include-path'.'
PROJECT-ROOTS specify C project root directories
via `semanticdb-_project-roots'.
PREPROCESSORS specify C preprocessors
via `semantic-lex-c-preprocessor-symbol-map'
Use `semantic-c-describe-environment' to describe the current C environment."
(semantic-reset-system-include 'c-mode)
(dolist (x (append (when-fn% system-cc-include cc
(system-cc-include t))
project-includes))
(semantic-add-system-include x 'c-mode))
(setq% semanticdb-project-roots project-roots semantic/db)
(when-fn% global-semantic-idle-summary-mode semantic
(global-semantic-idle-summary-mode))
(when-fn% semantic-ia-fast-jump semantic
(define-key semantic-mode-map (kbd "C-c , f") #'semantic-ia-fast-jump))
(when-fn% semantic-ia-complete-symbol semantic
(define-key semantic-mode-map (kbd "C-c , TAB") #'semantic-ia-complete-symbol))
(setq% semantic-lex-c-preprocessor-symbol-map
preprocessors semantic/bovine/c)))
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