gluPerspective不起作用
gluPerspective not working
本文关键字：不起作用 gluPerspective 更新时间：2023-10-16
我使用 gluPerspective 主要增加绘制距离，但它似乎不起作用。
这是我的代码中显示的：
gluPerspective(0, 70/70, 0, 4333);
比率：窗口宽度和高度都是 700，它们是恒定的，以防万一。
fovy：我把0放是因为，"他们"说使用45很好画，但它停止在屏幕上画画。
这是完整的代码：
#include <Windows.h>
#include <glGL.h>
#include <gl/glut.h>
WNDCLASSEX wclass;
MSG msg;
HWND hwnd;
HDC hdc;
HDC p_hdc;
float t;
int red, green, blue, x, y, z;
void update()
{
RECT rec;
GetClientRect(hwnd, &rec);
InvalidateRect(hwnd, &rec, false);
UpdateWindow(hwnd);
t += 0.5f;
}
void game()
{
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 0);
float norm = 1;
float z = 0;
red = 255;
green = 255;
glPushMatrix();
glRotatef(t, 0, 1, 1);
glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);
glColor3f(255, 0, 0);
glVertex3f(-norm, norm, z);
glVertex3f(norm, norm, z);
glColor3f(0, 110, 10);
glVertex3f(-norm, -norm, z);
glEnd();
gluPerspective(45, 70/70, 0.01f, 4333);
glPopMatrix();
SwapBuffers(hdc);
}
HGLRC hrc;
LRESULT CALLBACK WinProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
void EnableOpenGL(HWND hwnd, HDC* hDC, HGLRC* hRC);
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpstr, int nCmdShow)
{
wclass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wclass.style = 0;
wclass.lpfnWndProc = WinProc;
wclass.cbClsExtra = 0;
wclass.cbWndExtra = 0;
wclass.hInstance = hInstance;
wclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
wclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) (COLOR_WINDOW);
wclass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wclass.lpszClassName = "CLASS";
wclass.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
if(!RegisterClassEx(&wclass))
{
MessageBox(0, "Windows Class Registration Failure Detected!nProgram Can't Be Initialized..", "Failure Detected", MB_ICONERROR | MB_OK);
return 0;
}
hwnd = CreateWindowEx(
0, "CLASS", "OPENGL WORLD", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
0, 0, 700, 700,
HWND_DESKTOP, NULL, hInstance, NULL
);
EnableOpenGL(hwnd, &hdc, &hrc);
ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow);
UpdateWindow(hwnd);
if(hwnd == NULL)
{
MessageBox(0, "Windows Form Creation Failure..", "Failure", MB_ICONERROR | MB_OK);
}
while(GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
return msg.wParam;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WinProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (msg)
{
case WM_CREATE:
SetTimer(hwnd, 1, 1, NULL);
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage (0);
break;
case WM_TIMER:
game();
update();
break;
case WM_PAINT:
PAINTSTRUCT ps;
HDC win;
win = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps);
p_hdc = win;
game();
EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc (hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
}
return 0;
}
void EnableOpenGL(HWND hwnd, HDC* hDC, HGLRC* hRC)
{
PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd;
int iFormat;
*hDC = GetDC(hwnd);
ZeroMemory(&pfd, sizeof(pfd));
pfd.nSize = sizeof(pfd);
pfd.nVersion = 1;
pfd.dwFlags = PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW |
PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL | PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER;
pfd.iPixelType = PFD_TYPE_RGBA;
pfd.cColorBits = 24;
pfd.cDepthBits = 16;
pfd.iLayerType = PFD_MAIN_PLANE;
iFormat = ChoosePixelFormat(*hDC, &pfd);
SetPixelFormat(*hDC, iFormat, &pfd);
*hRC = wglCreateContext(*hDC);
wglMakeCurrent(*hDC, *hRC);
}
怎么办？
编辑：新代码
#include <Windows.h>
#include <glGL.h>
#include <gl/glut.h>
WNDCLASSEX wclass;
MSG msg;
HWND hwnd;
HDC hdc;
HDC p_hdc;
float t;
int red, green, blue, x, y, z;
float cx, cy, cz;
void handle_resize()
{
RECT rec;
GetClientRect(hwnd, &rec);
long width = rec.right - rec.left;
long height = rec.top - rec.bottom;
float aspect = (float)width/(float)height;
glViewport(0, 0, 700, 700);
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
gluPerspective(45, aspect, 0.01f, 99999);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();
}
void update()
{
RECT rec;
GetClientRect(hwnd, &rec);
InvalidateRect(hwnd, &rec, false);
UpdateWindow(hwnd);
t += 0.5f;
cz = -3;
}
void game()
{
glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 0);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
float norm = 1;
float z = 0;
red = 255;
green = 255;
glPushMatrix();
glRotatef(t, 0, 1, 1);
glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);
glColor3f(255, 0, 0);
glVertex3f(-norm, norm, z);
glVertex3f(norm, norm, z);
glColor3f(0, 110, 10);
glVertex3f(-norm, -norm, z);
glEnd();
glPopMatrix();
SwapBuffers(hdc);
}
HGLRC hrc;
LRESULT CALLBACK WinProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
void EnableOpenGL(HWND hwnd, HDC* hDC, HGLRC* hRC);
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpstr, int nCmdShow)
{
wclass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wclass.style = 0;
wclass.lpfnWndProc = WinProc;
wclass.cbClsExtra = 0;
wclass.cbWndExtra = 0;
wclass.hInstance = hInstance;
wclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
wclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) (COLOR_WINDOW);
wclass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wclass.lpszClassName = "CLASS";
wclass.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
if(!RegisterClassEx(&wclass))
{
MessageBox(0, "Windows Class Registration Failure Detected!nProgram Can't Be Initialized..", "Failure Detected", MB_ICONERROR | MB_OK);
return 0;
}
hwnd = CreateWindowEx(
0, "CLASS", "OPENGL WORLD", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
0, 0, 700, 700,
HWND_DESKTOP, NULL, hInstance, NULL
);
EnableOpenGL(hwnd, &hdc, &hrc);
ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow);
UpdateWindow(hwnd);
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
if(hwnd == NULL)
{
MessageBox(0, "Windows Form Creation Failure..", "Failure", MB_ICONERROR | MB_OK);
}
while(GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
return msg.wParam;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WinProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (msg)
{
case WM_CREATE:
SetTimer(hwnd, 1, 1, NULL);
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage (0);
break;
case WM_TIMER:
game();
update();
break;
case WM_PAINT:
PAINTSTRUCT ps;
HDC win;
win = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps);
p_hdc = win;
game();
EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);
break;
case WM_SIZE:
handle_resize();
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc (hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
}
return 0;
}
void EnableOpenGL(HWND hwnd, HDC* hDC, HGLRC* hRC)
{
PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd;
int iFormat;
*hDC = GetDC(hwnd);
ZeroMemory(&pfd, sizeof(pfd));
pfd.nSize = sizeof(pfd);
pfd.nVersion = 1;
pfd.dwFlags = PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW |
PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL | PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER;
pfd.iPixelType = PFD_TYPE_RGBA;
pfd.cColorBits = 24;
pfd.cDepthBits = 16;
pfd.iLayerType = PFD_MAIN_PLANE;
iFormat = ChoosePixelFormat(*hDC, &pfd);
SetPixelFormat(*hDC, iFormat, &pfd);
*hRC = wglCreateContext(*hDC);
wglMakeCurrent(*hDC, *hRC);
}
gluPerspective(0, 70/70, 0, 4333);
^ nope ^ nope
fovy 和 zNear 必须同时为正数和非零值。
试试这个：
gluPerspective( 45, 70/70, 0.1, 4333 );
编辑：把你的相机也往后推一点：
#include <GL/glut.h>
float t = 0;
void timer( int val )
{
t += 0.5f;
glutTimerFunc( 10, timer, 0 );
glutPostRedisplay();
}
void display()
{
glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 0);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glMatrixMode( GL_PROJECTION );
glLoadIdentity();
double w = glutGet( GLUT_WINDOW_WIDTH );
double h = glutGet( GLUT_WINDOW_HEIGHT );
gluPerspective( 45, w / h, 0.1, 4333.0 );
glMatrixMode( GL_MODELVIEW );
glLoadIdentity();
glTranslatef( 0, 0, -5 );
float norm = 1;
float z = 0;
glPushMatrix();
glRotatef(t, 0, 1, 1);
glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);
glColor3f(255, 0, 0);
glVertex3f(-norm, norm, z);
glVertex3f(norm, norm, z);
glColor3f(0, 110, 10);
glVertex3f(-norm, -norm, z);
glEnd();
glPopMatrix();
glutSwapBuffers();
}
int main( int argc, char **argv )
{
glutInit( &argc, argv );
glutInitDisplayMode( GLUT_RGBA | GLUT_DEPTH | GLUT_DOUBLE );
glutInitWindowSize( 640, 480 );
glutCreateWindow( "GLUT" );
glutDisplayFunc( display );
glutTimerFunc( 0, timer, 0 );
glutMainLoop();
return 0;
}
根据我们的评论，我对代码进行了一些更改，这些更改对于正确处理透视投影矩阵和窗口大小是必要的。关于这段代码，我仍然有很多不喜欢的地方，比如使用计时器绘图，但这至少应该解决一些小问题。
新代码：
void handle_resize (void)
{
RECT rec;
GetClientRect(hwnd, &rec);
long width = rec.right - rec.left;
long height = rec.top - rec.bottom;
float aspect = (float)width/(float)height;
glViewport (0, 0, width, height);
glMatrixMode (GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity ();
gluPerspective (45, aspect, 0.01f, 4333);
glMatrixMode (GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity ();
}
void game()
{
glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 0); // Do this first
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
float norm = 1;
float z = 0;
red = 255;
green = 255;
glMatrixMode (GL_MODELVIEW);
glPushMatrix();
glRotatef(t, 0, 1, 1);
glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);
glColor3ub(255, 0, 0);
glVertex3f(-norm, norm, z);
glVertex3f(norm, norm, z);
glColor3ub(0, 110, 10);
glVertex3f(-norm, -norm, z);
glEnd();
//gluPerspective(45, 70/70, 0.01f, 4333); // GET THIS OUT OF HERE!!!
glPopMatrix();
SwapBuffers(hdc);
}
对窗口消息处理程序的更改：
switch (msg)
{
case WM_CREATE:
SetTimer(hwnd, 1, 1, NULL);
break;
// NEW EVENT: Handle window size change
case WM_SIZE:
handle_resize ();
break;
其他需要注意的事项：
glColor3f将浮点值固定在 [0.0,1.0] 范围内，则您使用的值为 255，这仅适用于使用 glColor3ub 的情况，这与 glColor3f (1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f) 基本相同。
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