将向量指向数组

Pointing a vector to an array

本文关键字：数组 向量      更新时间：2023-10-16

我不确定我的标题措辞是否正确，所以我将在这里详细说明。

我需要做的是让我的向量从以前构建的数组中获取信息，将其洗牌，然后将其吐出。我想我可以做的是因为我有一个 for 循环来显示甲板的信息，那就是在主函数中拥有向量，但同时我觉得我需要创建一个单独的函数。但是，我不确定哪种方法最有效。到目前为止，我所拥有的是这个。

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include "prototypes.h"
using std::string;
using std::endl;
using std::cout;
const string CARDS[] =
{
"2C", "3C", "4C", "5C", "6C", "7C", "8C", "9C", "TC", "JC", "QC", "KC", "AC",
"2D", "3D", "4D", "5D", "6D", "7D", "8D", "9D", "TD", "JD", "QD", "KD", "AD",
"2H", "3H", "4H", "5H", "6H", "7H", "8H", "9H", "TH", "JH", "QH", "KH", "AH",
"2S", "3S", "4S", "5S", "6S", "7S", "8S", "9S", "TS", "JS", "QS", "KS", "AS"
};
unsigned const DECK_SIZE = sizeof(CARDS) / sizeof(string);
int const SHUFFLE_COMMAND = 1;
int const SHOW_COMMAND = 2;
int const QUIT_COMMAND = 3;
const char MENU[] = "nShowing Cards Program:n1 -- Shuffle Cardsn2 -- Show Deckn3 -- Quitn: ";
const char IM_OUTTA_HERE[] =  "Buh-bye!";

int main()
{
   int command = 0;
   do
   {
    command = askForInt(MENU, QUIT_COMMAND, SHUFFLE_COMMAND);
    switch(command)
    {
        case SHUFFLE_COMMAND:
          break;
            case SHOW_COMMAND:
            for(int i = 0; i < DECK_SIZE; i++)
            {
                cout << CARDS[i] << " ";
                if(i == 12 || i == 25 || i == 38)
                    {
                        cout << endl;
                    }
            }
          break;
        case QUIT_COMMAND:
          break;    
    }
   }while(command != QUIT_COMMAND);
    cout << IM_OUTTA_HERE << endl;
    return 0;
}

askForInt 位于另一个名为 Functions 的文件中，它所做的只是接收用户输入(1、2 或 3(

编辑：还必须注意，我需要使用指针来做到这一点，因为这是我目前正在尝试学习的内容。

由于您添加了限制，因此必须全部使用指针来完成，这大大改变了事情。我编写了下面的代码以兼容C++98。希望能从中得到一些东西。

注意：这只是目标的套牌随机化部分。 其余的由您决定，但已从下面的示例中删除。

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
using namespace std;
const string CARDS[] =
{
    "2C", "3C", "4C", "5C", "6C", "7C", "8C", "9C", "TC", "JC", "QC", "KC", "AC",
    "2D", "3D", "4D", "5D", "6D", "7D", "8D", "9D", "TD", "JD", "QD", "KD", "AD",
    "2H", "3H", "4H", "5H", "6H", "7H", "8H", "9H", "TH", "JH", "QH", "KH", "AH",
    "2S", "3S", "4S", "5S", "6S", "7S", "8S", "9S", "TS", "JS", "QS", "KS", "AS"
};
unsigned const DECK_SIZE = sizeof(CARDS) / sizeof(string);
int main()
{
    // seed rng
    srand((unsigned)time(nullptr));
    // create a vector of const string ptrs. using pointer enumeration through the
    //  array, add the address of each string object to our deck.
    vector<const string*> deck;
    for (const string* p = CARDS; p != (CARDS + DECK_SIZE); ++p)
        deck.push_back(p);
    // shuffle the pointer vector
    random_shuffle(deck.begin(), deck.end());
    // display each deck through dereferencing.
    for (vector<const string*>::const_iterator it=deck.cbegin(); it!= deck.cend(); ++it)
        cout << (*it)->c_str() << ' ';
    cout << endl;
    return 0;
}

输出

4H TS 9S TH JC AH QS 5S 8S 2D QH 9C 2C 8C 2S JS 9H JH KC 7S 4D 9D KS QC 4S AS 3S 5C KH 7D KD 3D 8D TD 3H 2H 5D JD 8H AC 4C 6S 7C 3C 6H 5H TC 6C QD 6D 7H AD

如果复制是一个可行的选项，那么以下要求 C++11 或更高版本的合规性使该工作变得微不足道：

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <iterator>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
using namespace std;
const string CARDS[] =
{
    "2C", "3C", "4C", "5C", "6C", "7C", "8C", "9C", "TC", "JC", "QC", "KC", "AC",
    "2D", "3D", "4D", "5D", "6D", "7D", "8D", "9D", "TD", "JD", "QD", "KD", "AD",
    "2H", "3H", "4H", "5H", "6H", "7H", "8H", "9H", "TH", "JH", "QH", "KH", "AH",
    "2S", "3S", "4S", "5S", "6S", "7S", "8S", "9S", "TS", "JS", "QS", "KS", "AS"
};
int main()
{
    // seed rng
    srand((unsigned)time(nullptr));
    vector<string> deck(begin(CARDS), end(CARDS));
    random_shuffle(deck.begin(), deck.end());
    copy(deck.begin(), deck.end(), ostream_iterator<string>(cout," "));
    cout << endl;
};

输出

3S 9C 4C 4S 3H 8D TC 7H TD 5S 3D QC QD 5H TS 4H 3C 7C 9D 6C TH 6S 9S 7S KS KC JC 7D JH 5C 8C 2H JD 9H QS AD JS 2C 4D 6D 8H 5D AS KD 2S 8S AH 6H AC QH 2D KH

这一定是一项作业，因为其他 3 个人似乎也在做同样的事情。

您不需要您的卡列表成为std::string[]。 您可以使用std::array它将为您提供标准的 STL 迭代器方法，同时仍然是一个简单的数组。 无论哪种方式，你都可以使用 std::vector 的迭代器构造函数将它们加载到向量中：

// assuming data is loading into myarray and myarray_size is the size of the array
std::vector<std::string> cards(myarray, myarray + myarray_size);

您可以使用 &cards[0] 直接访问向量的数据(如果需要(，这将为您提供指向数组中第一个元素的指针。

也就是说，如果您使用 STL 模板，您将改进您的代码并更有效地学习语言。

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